
Lean Burn can be applied to any spark ignition engine, but more optimally to low-cost, 2-valve engines. Chrysler and Honda have the most efficient V-8 and 4-cyl engines but use more complex forms of 2-valve engines. See the SAE paper 2001-01-0548, and the Design News articles “Rebirth of Lean Burn Technology and Lean Burn Lives”. Chrysler referred to the CEI Ignition after testing it on its engines “as the enabling technology for the lean burn engines of the future”. The Economist introduced CEI’s lean-burn work as “the Holy Grail of car engineers”.
Today, the combined diesel-hybrid and the Electrical Vehicle (EV) are claimed to be the only systems that can meet tough fuel economy standards. The Chrysler Hemi and the Honda Fit are the world’s most powerful and efficient engines. But they lack the lean burn capability of the Ward/May, or the Fireball’s 40% greater efficiency. The Ward/May and the 2-Stroke ICS are similar to the Fiat 2-cylinder engine, but they have 2-valves per cylinder instead of 4-valves, and have other simplifications and advantages.

CEI conducted lean burn engine tests at Lucas (Ford), GM, Mazda, Diamond, Chrysler between 1985 and 1996, showing improvements in lean burn and fuel economy. In 2007, CEI completed a prototype of its ignition for a four cylinder engine for Champion. In 2008-2009 the design of a 4-stroke and 2-stroke engine was perfected with a generic 2-valve, 2-plug system. The 4-stroke is similar to the May Fireball with its 40% higher efficiency. It has greater power and efficiency than the diesel, without its excessive weight, cost, complexity and emissions.
